天然二水石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(CaSO4·2H2O)又(you)稱(cheng)為(wei)生石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao),經過(guo)煅燒、磨(mo)細(xi)可(ke)得(de)β型半水石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)(CaSO4·1/2H2O),即(ji)建筑(zhu)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao),又(you)稱(cheng)熟(shu)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)、灰泥。若(ruo)煅燒溫度為(wei)190 °C可(ke)得(de)模型石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao),其細(xi)度和白度均(jun)(jun)比建筑(zhu)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)高。若(ruo)將生石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)在400-500 °C或高于800 °C下煅燒,即(ji)得(de)地板石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao),其凝結、硬(ying)(ying)化(hua)較慢,但硬(ying)(ying)化(hua)后強度、耐磨(mo)性和耐水性均(jun)(jun)較普通建筑(zhu)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao)為(wei)好。通常為(wei)白色(se)、無(wu)色(se),無(wu)色(se)透(tou)明晶體(ti)稱(cheng)為(wei)透(tou)石(shi)膏(gao)(gao)(gao),有時因含雜質而成灰、淺(qian)黃(huang)、淺(qian)褐等色(se)。
石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)屬單斜(xie)晶系(xi),解理度很高(gao),容易裂(lie)開成(cheng)薄(bo)片。將(jiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)加(jia)熱100~200°C,失去(qu)部(bu)分(fen)結晶水,可(ke)得(de)(de)到(dao)半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)。 α型(xing)(xing)半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)結晶良好、堅實; β型(xing)(xing)半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)是(shi)片狀(zhuang)并有(you)裂(lie)紋(wen)的(de)(de)(de)晶體,結晶很細(xi),比表(biao)面積比 α型(xing)(xing)半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)大(da)得(de)(de)多(duo)。生產石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)時, α型(xing)(xing)半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)比 β型(xing)(xing)需水量少(shao),制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)有(you)較高(gao)的(de)(de)(de)密實度和(he)強(qiang)度。通(tong)常(chang)用蒸(zheng)壓釜在(zai)(zai)飽和(he)蒸(zheng)汽介質(zhi)中蒸(zheng)煉而(er)(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi) α型(xing)(xing)半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),也(ye)稱高(gao)強(qiang)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao);用炒鍋或回轉窯敞開裝置煅煉而(er)(er)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)是(shi)β型(xing)(xing)半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao),亦(yi)即建(jian)筑石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)。半水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)與水拌和(he)的(de)(de)(de)漿體重新形成(cheng)二水石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)、在(zai)(zai)干燥過(guo)程(cheng)中迅速凝結硬(ying)化而(er)(er)獲(huo)得(de)(de)強(qiang)度,但遇(yu)水則軟化。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)是(shi)生產石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)膠凝材料和(he)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)建(jian)筑制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin)的(de)(de)(de)主要原料,也(ye)是(shi)硅酸鹽水泥的(de)(de)(de)緩凝劑。石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)經(jing)600~800°C煅燒(shao)后,加(jia)入(ru)少(shao)量石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)灰等催化劑共同磨(mo)(mo)細(xi),可(ke)以得(de)(de)到(dao)硬(ying)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)膠結料(也(ye)稱金氏膠結料);經(jing)900~1000°C煅燒(shao)并磨(mo)(mo)細(xi),可(ke)以得(de)(de)到(dao)高(gao)溫(wen)煅燒(shao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)。用這兩(liang)種石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)制(zhi)(zhi)得(de)(de)的(de)(de)(de)制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin),強(qiang)度高(gao)于建(jian)筑石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)制(zhi)(zhi)品(pin)(pin)(pin),而(er)(er)且(qie)硬(ying)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)膠結料有(you)較好的(de)(de)(de)隔(ge)熱性,高(gao)溫(wen)煅燒(shao)石(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)(shi)膏(gao)(gao)有(you)較好的(de)(de)(de)耐(nai)磨(mo)(mo)性和(he)抗(kang)水性。
目(mu)前(qian),我們公司可設計生(sheng)(sheng)產數十種規格的生(sheng)(sheng)產線,并能(neng)根據用(yong)戶的不同需(xu)求量(liang)身定(ding)做不同生(sheng)(sheng)產工藝(yi)的生(sheng)(sheng)產線。
階段
石膏粉生產線采用國內成(cheng)熟先進的(de)工藝設備,如立式磨粉機、沸騰(teng)爐(lu)等。 |
階段(duan)
破碎機(ji)將大(da)尺寸的(de)石膏礦石破碎成小(xiao)于30mm的(de)小(xiao)塊顆(ke)粒,輸送(song)磨(mo)機(ji)進(jin)行粉磨(mo); |
第三階段
選(xuan)粉機將粉磨(mo)后(hou)達(da)到產(chan)品所需細度的石(shi)膏生(sheng)粉送入沸(fei)騰(teng)爐進(jin)行(xing)煅燒(shao),其余部分返回(hui)磨(mo)機進(jin)行(xing)再(zai)次粉磨(mo)直(zhi)合格。沸(fei)騰(teng)爐是(shi)建筑(zhu)石(shi)膏煅燒(shao)設備(bei)中在(zai)我(wo)國(guo)應用廣的設備(bei),該設備(bei)結(jie)構簡單,操作方便。 |
第四(si)階段(duan)
煅(duan)燒(shao)后的(de)合(he)格石膏粉送入(ru)熟料(liao)倉(cang)儲存(cun)或送入(ru)制品(pin)車間(jian)使用(yong)。 |
我公(gong)司設計(ji)的石膏粉(fen)生產(chan)線(xian)采用(yong)國內成熟(shu)先(xian)進(jin)的工(gong)藝(yi)設備(bei),如歐版(ban)T形(xing)磨(mo)等(deng)。歐版(ban)T形(xing)磨(mo)是(shi)建筑石膏煅燒設備(bei)中在我國應用(yong)廣的設備(bei)。結構簡(jian)單、小巧、生產(chan)能(neng)力大 設備(bei)結構緊(jin)湊、不易損壞(huai)、占地面積(ji)小、耗損低操作方(fang)便。
新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)具有(you)輕質(zhi)、高強度(du)、保溫、節能、節土、裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)等(deng)優(you)(you)良特性(xing)。采(cai)用(yong)新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)不(bu)但使(shi)(shi)房屋功(gong)能大大改(gai)善,還可以(yi)使(shi)(shi)建(jian)筑物內外(wai)更具現代(dai)氣息,滿足(zu)人們的(de)審(shen)美要(yao)求。新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)的(de)性(xing)能和功(gong)用(yong)各(ge)不(bu)相同,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)產(chan)品(pin)的(de)原(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料及工(gong)藝方(fang)法也各(ge)不(bu)相同。有(you)的(de)新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)可以(yi)顯著減(jian)輕建(jian)筑物自重,為推廣輕型建(jian)筑結構創造了條件(jian),大大加快了建(jian)房速度(du)。有(you)的(de)品(pin)種(zhong)重在(zai)花色,如(ru)(ru)裝(zhuang)飾(shi)(shi)裝(zhuang)修(xiu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料;有(you)的(de)品(pin)種(zhong)重在(zai)功(gong)能,如(ru)(ru)保溫材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料;有(you)的(de)則通過(guo)深加工(gong)衍生(sheng)(sheng)出(chu)多個(ge)品(pin)種(zhong),如(ru)(ru)新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)筑板材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)等(deng)。以(yi)新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)筑板材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)為例(li)。目前新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)筑板材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)有(you)幾十個(ge)品(pin)種(zhong),其中(zhong)紙面石膏板、玻璃(li)纖維增強水泥(GRC)板、無石棉(mian)硅鈣板是目前中(zhong)國(guo)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)量、應用(yong)普遍的(de)三種(zhong)新(xin)(xin)型建(jian)筑板材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)。這(zhe)三種(zhong)板材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)不(bu)但所(suo)采(cai)用(yong)的(de)原(yuan)料不(bu)同,生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)工(gong)藝不(bu)同,其性(xing)能和功(gong)用(yong)也不(bu)同。它們所(suo)用(yong)的(de)原(yuan)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料均為非(fei)金屬(shu)材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料而且很容(rong)易得到,采(cai)用(yong)它們作(zuo)為原(yuan)始板材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai),再分別配上防(fang)滲、保溫、防(fang)火等(deng)功(gong)能材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料,采(cai)用(yong)復(fu)合技術,可生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)出(chu)各(ge)種(zhong)輕質(zhi)和性(xing)能優(you)(you)越(yue)的(de)新(xin)(xin)型墻體材(cai)(cai)(cai)(cai)料。